儿童不完全性川崎病的诊治

Diagnosis and treatment of incomplete Kawasaki disease in children

摘要:

川崎病（Kawasaki disease）是一种主要发生于5岁以下儿童的、以中小血管炎为主要病变的发热性疾病。虽然KD被报道已50余载，近年来对于KD的病因和病理研究也取得了实质性进展，但目前仍缺乏对KD早期诊断的特异性指标，尤其是对不完全性川崎病（incomplete Kawasaki disease，IKD）的诊断更加困难。目前对于IKD尚无明确的诊断标准，这导致临床上不能对IKD进行及时识别和规范治疗，从而导致冠状动脉病变的发生。因此，该文就IKD的概念、流行病学特点、诊断、治疗及随访管理进行总结，加深临床工作者对IKD的认识，希望有助于提高我国KD的临床诊治水平。

Abstract:

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a febrile disease mainly observed in children aged <5 years, with medium- and small-vessel vasculitis as the main lesion. Although KD has been reported for more than 50 years and great progress has been made in the etiology and pathology of KD in recent years, there is still a lack of specific indicators for the early diagnosis of KD, especially with more difficulties in the diagnosis of incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD). At present, there are no clear diagnostic criteria for IKD, which leads to the failure of the timely identification and standardized treatment of IKD in clinical practice and even induce the development of coronary artery lesion. This article reviews the concept, epidemiological features, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up management of IKD, in order to deepen the understanding of IKD among clinical workers and help to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment of KD in China.