母乳喂养对人巨细胞病毒感染婴儿免疫功能的影响

Effect of breastfeeding on immune function in infants with human cytomegalovirus infection

摘要:

目的 探究母乳喂养对人巨细胞病毒（human cytomegalovirus，HCMV）感染患儿免疫功能的影响。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月—2022年5月郑州大学附属儿童医院收治的135例喂养方式为母乳喂养的HCMV感染患儿的病例资料，根据母乳HCMV-DNA检测结果分为母乳阳性组（78例）和母乳阴性组（57例），再根据母乳HCMV-DNA载量中位数，将母乳阳性组患儿分为母乳高病毒载量亚组（39例）和母乳低病毒载量亚组（39例），分别比较母乳阳性组和母乳阴性组、母乳高病毒载量亚组和母乳低病毒载量亚组患儿外周血淋巴细胞亚群CD3⁺T、CD3⁺CD4⁺T、CD3⁺CD8⁺T、CD19⁺B百分率，CD4⁺T/CD8⁺T比值，IgG、IgM、IgA及尿液HCMV-DNA载量。结果 母乳阳性组和母乳阴性组、母乳高病毒载量亚组和母乳低病毒载量亚组患儿在CD3⁺T、CD3⁺CD4⁺T、CD3⁺CD8⁺T、CD19⁺B百分率，CD4⁺T/CD8⁺T比值，IgG、IgM、IgA及尿液HCMV-DNA载量上的差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 携带HCMV的母乳喂养不会影响HCMV感染婴儿的免疫功能。

Abstract:

Objective To study the effect of breastfeeding on immune function in infants with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 135 infants with HCMV infection who were admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to May 2022, and all these infants received breastfeeding. According to the results of breast milk HCMV-DNA testing, the infants were divided into two groups: breast milk HCMV positive (n=78) and breast milk HCMV negative (n=57). According to the median breast milk HCMV-DNA load, the infants in the breast milk HCMV positive group were further divided into two subgroups: high viral load and low viral load (n=39 each). Related indicators were compared between the breast milk positive and negative HCMV groups and between the breast milk high viral load and low viral load subgroups, including the percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets (CD3⁺ T cells, CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cells, CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cells, and CD19⁺ B cells), CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio, IgG, IgM, IgA, and urine HCMV-DNA load.Results There were no significant differences in the percentages of CD3⁺ T cells, CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cells, CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cells, and CD19⁺ B cells, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio, IgG, IgM, IgA, and urine HCMV-DNA load between the breast milk HCMV positive and HCMV negative groups, as well as between the breast milk high viral load and low viral load subgroups (P>0.05).Conclusions Breastfeeding with HCMV does not affect the immune function of infants with HCMV infection.