学龄前儿童听处理评估量表在注意缺陷多动障碍儿童中的应用研究

Application of Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

摘要:

目的 利用学龄前儿童听处理评估量表（以下称“听处理评估量表”）探讨学龄前注意缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder，ADHD）儿童的听处理（auditory processing，AP）特征。方法 41例ADHD及41例典型发育（typically developing，TD）儿童进行听处理评估量表、SNAP-Ⅳ评定量表及学龄前持续性注意力测试（Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test，K-CPT）评估，分析比较两组儿童听处理评估量表得分差异及其与SNAP-Ⅳ评定量表和K-CPT结果的相关性。结果 ADHD组儿童听处理评估量表总分及除视觉注意维度外的其他维度得分高于TD组（P<0.05）。ADHD儿童中，SNAP-Ⅳ评定量表的注意缺陷维度得分与听处理评估量表总分（r_{s 30条}=0.531；r_{s 27条}=0.627）及其听觉解码（r_s=0.628）、听觉注意（r_s=0.492）、沟通交流（r_s=0.399）维度得分呈正相关（P<0.05），SNAP-Ⅳ评定量表的多动冲动维度得分与听处理评估量表的多动冲动维度得分呈正相关（r_s=0.429，P<0.05）。ADHD儿童的K-CPT注意力缺陷维度得分与听处理评估量表总分（r_{s 30条}=0.574；r_{s 27条}=0.485）及多动冲动维度得分（r_s=0.602）呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论 学龄前ADHD儿童存在AP异常风险，应早期利用听处理评估量表对儿童的AP异常进行筛查评估。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the characteristics of auditory processing (AP) in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale (hereafter referred to as "auditory processing scale").Methods A total of 41 children with ADHD and 41 typically developing (TD) children were assessed using the auditory processing scale, SNAP-IV rating scale, and Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT). The auditory processing scale score was compared between the TD and ADHD groups. The correlations of the score with SNAP-IV and K-CPT scores were assessed.Results Compared with the TD group, the ADHD group had significantly higher total score of the auditory processing scale and scores of all dimensions except visual attention (P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the total score of the auditory processing scale (r_s30=0.531, P<0.05; r_s27=0.627, P<0.05) as well as the scores of its subdimensions, including auditory decoding (r_s=0.628, P<0.05), auditory attention (r_s=0.492, P<0.05), and communication (r_s=0.399, P<0.05). The hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the auditory processing scale (r_s=0.429, P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the K-CPT was positively correlated with the total score (r_s30=0.574, P<0.05; r_s27=0.485, P<0.05) and the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score (r_s=0.602, P<0.05) of the auditory processing scale.Conclusions Preschool children with ADHD have the risk of AP abnormalities, and the auditory processing scale should be used early for the screening and evaluation of AP abnormalities in children.