PI3Kδ过度活化综合征7例报道

Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome: report of seven cases

摘要:

目的 总结7例PI3Kδ过度活化综合征（activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome, APDS）患儿的临床资料，提高对该病的认识。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月—2023年8月湖南省人民医院收治的7例APDS患儿的临床资料。结果 7例患儿（男4例，女3例）中位发病年龄为30个月，中位诊断年龄为101个月。临床表现：反复呼吸道感染、肝脾大及多部位淋巴结肿大7例，脓毒血症5例，中耳炎及多发性龋齿3例，腹泻及关节痛2例，淋巴瘤、系统性红斑狼疮各1例。4例患儿行纤维支气管镜检查，管腔内均可见大量散在的结节样突起。最常见的呼吸道病原为肺炎链球菌（4例）。6例患儿为p.E1021K位点错义突变，1例为p.434-475del位点剪切突变。结论 p.E1021K是APDS患儿最常见的突变位点。对于具有反复呼吸道感染、肝脾大、多部位淋巴结肿大、中耳炎、龋齿等表现1项或多项，且纤维支气管镜下见散在结节样突起的患儿，需警惕APDS。 ［中国当代儿科杂志，2024，26（5）：499-505］

Abstract:

Objective To summarize the clinical data of 7 children with activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS) and enhance understanding of the disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 7 APDS children admitted to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to August 2023.Results Among the 7 children (4 males, 3 females), the median age of onset was 30 months, and the median age at diagnosis was 101 months. Recurrent respiratory tract infections, hepatosplenomegaly, and multiple lymphadenopathy were observed in all 7 cases. Sepsis was observed in 5 cases, otitis media and multiple caries were observed in 3 cases, and diarrhea and joint pain were observed in 2 cases. Lymphoma and systemic lupus erythematosus were observed in 1 case each. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in 4 cases, revealing scattered nodular protrusions in the bronchial lumen. The most common respiratory pathogen was Streptococcus pneumoniae (4 cases). Six patients had a p.E1021K missense mutation, and one had a p.434-475del splice site mutation.Conclusions p.E1021K is the most common mutation site in APDS children. Children who present with one or more of the following symptoms: recurrent respiratory tract infections, hepatosplenomegaly, multiple lymphadenopathy, otitis media, and caries, and exhibit scattered nodular protrusions on fiberoptic bronchoscopy, should be vigilant for APDS. Citation:Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2024, 26(5): 499-505