青少年抑郁症患者心理治疗恐惧的相关因素

Factors influencing the levels of fear regarding psychotherapy in adolescents with depression

摘要:

目的 探讨青少年抑郁症患者心理治疗恐惧及其相关因素。方法 前瞻性纳入2023年9月—2024年3月在南昌大学第一附属医院门诊及住院部进行治疗的青少年抑郁症患者258例作为研究对象，进行问卷调查。问卷包括一般情况调查表、9条目患者健康问卷、7条目广泛性焦虑量表、自我同情量表、自我隐瞒量表、抑郁自我污名量表、心理治疗想法量表。分析青少年抑郁症患者心理治疗恐惧的差异及影响因素。结果 青少年抑郁症患者心理治疗恐惧与9条目患者健康问卷得分、自我隐瞒量表得分、抑郁自我污名量表得分呈正相关，与自我同情量表得分呈负相关（均P<0.05）；治疗师响应性担忧与自我同情量表得分呈负相关，与7条目广泛性焦虑量表得分、抑郁自我污名量表得分呈正相关，独生子女的治疗师响应性担忧风险高于非独生子女（均P<0.05）；形象担忧与9条目患者健康问卷得分、自我隐瞒量表得分、抑郁自我污名量表得分呈正相关（均P<0.05）；强迫担忧与9条目患者健康问卷得分、自我隐瞒量表得分呈正相关，与自我同情量表得分呈负相关，就读初中患儿的强迫担忧风险高于就读大学患儿（均P<0.05）。结论 青少年抑郁症患者心理治疗恐惧水平与受教育程度、是否为独生子女、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、自我同情、自我隐瞒、抑郁自我污名有关。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the factors influencing the levels of fear regarding psychotherapy in adolescents with depression.Methods A prospective study was conducted among 258 adolescents with depression who were treated in the outpatient service and inpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from September 2023 to March 2024. A questionnaire survey was performed. The questionnaires used included General Information Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Self-Compassion Scale, Self-Concealment Scale, Depression Self-Stigma Scale, and Thoughts About Psychotherapy Survey. The factors influencing the levels of fear regarding psychotherapy were analyzed among the adolescents with depression.Results The levels of fear regarding psychotherapy in the adolescents with depression were positively associated with the scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Self-Concealment Scale, and Depression Self-Stigma Scale (P<0.05), and were negatively associated with the score on the Self-Compassion Scale (P<0.05). Concerns about therapist responsiveness were negatively associated with the score on the Self-Compassion Scale (P<0.05), and were positively associated with the scores on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Depression Self-Stigma Scale (P<0.05). The adolescents from one-child families had significantly higher levels of concerns about therapist responsiveness than those from non-one-child families (P<0.05). The levels of image concerns were positively associated with the scores on Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Self-Concealment Scale, and Depression Self-Stigma Scale (P<0.05); the levels of coercion concerns were positively associated with the scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Self-Concealment Scale (P<0.05) and were negatively associated with the score on the Self-Compassion Scale (P<0.05). Middle school students had a significantly higher risk of coercion concerns than university students (P<0.05).Conclusions In adolescents with depression, the levels of fear regarding psychotherapy are associated with educational levels, only-child status, depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, self-compassion, self-concealment, and depression self-stigma.