66例儿童艾滋病临床分析

Clinical features of 66 children with acquired immunodeficienecy syndrome

摘要:

目的：探讨儿童艾滋病临床特点。方法：66例儿童艾滋病入选该研究，男46例，女20例，平均年龄8.7岁（2～16岁）。回顾分析其人口学资料、流行病学资料、临床表现及实验室检查结果。结果：HIV感染确诊年龄2～15岁，平均7.7岁。通过母婴传播感染48例（72.7％），通过输血或血制品感染14例（21.2％），感染途径不明4例（6.1％）。常见的临床表现如下：体重下降43例（65.2%）、贫血 42例（63.7%），持续或反复发热40例（60.6%）、疲乏感38例（57.6%）、皮疹31例（47.0%）、慢性或反复咳嗽28例（12.1%）、慢性腹泻24例（36.4%）、神经系统受累16例（24.2%）、鹅口疮13例（19.7%）、肝脾大12例（18.2%）。体格生长评价显示，身高和体重处于下等的分别有30例（45.4％）和26例（39.4％）。免疫功能均受抑制，重度抑制59例（89.4%），中度抑制7例（10.6％）。结论：儿童HIV感染途径以母婴传播为主，临床表现多样，免疫系统显著受抑制。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（2）：93-95］

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features of pediatric acquired immunodeficienecy syndrome(AIDS). METHODS: The epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of 66 children with AIDS were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: Of the 66 patients, 46 (69.7%) were male and 20 (30.3%) were female, with a mean age of 8.7 years (ranged 2-16 years). The mean age at diagnosis was 7.7 years (ranged 2-15 years). Vertical transmission as the route of infection was documented in 48 cases (72.7%). Fourteen children (21.2%) were infected through blood or blood products. The route of infection could not be identified in 4 cases (6.1%). Body weight loss was noted in 43 cases (65.2%), anemia in 42 cases (63.7%), fever in 40 cases (60.6%), fatigue in 38 cases (57.6%), rash in 31 cases (47.0%), chronic cough in 28 cases (12.1%）, chronic diarrhea in 24 cases (36.4%), CNS involvement in 16 cases (24.2%), oral thrush in 13 cases (19.7%), and hepatosplenomegaly in 12 cases (18.2%). Body height of 30 cases (45.4%) and body weight of 26 cases (39.4%) ranked the lower level. The immune system was severely suppressed in 59 cases (89.4%) and moderately suppressed in 7 cases (10.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Vertical transmission remained the most common route of pediatric HIV infection. There were various clinical manifestations in children with AIDS. The immune systems of the majority of children with this disorder were severely suppressed.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2009, 11 (2):93-95］