Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and early-onset neonatal sepsis

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the effect of vitamin D level on early-onset sepsis (EOS) in neonates. Methods Seventy-eight full-term neonates with EOS were used as the research group (EOS group). sixty healthy fullterm neonates without clinical and/or laboratory features related to infections were used as the control group. Blood samples of the neonates and their mothers in both groups were collected within 72 hours of delivery to determine 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels. The rate of vitamin D deficiency in the neonates and the level of 25-OHD supplemented to their mothers during pregnancy were compared between the two groups. Results There was a significant positive correlation between the serum level of 25-OHD of the mothers and that of the neonates in both groups (EOS group:r = 0.797, P < 0.01; control group:r = 0.929, P < 0.01). The neonates and their mothers in the EOS group had significantly lower 25-OHD levels than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The rate of vitamin D deficiency among the neonates in the EOS group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). The level of vitamin D supplemented to the mothers during the last 3 months of pregnancy in the EOS group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions Low serum level of 25-OHD is associated with the development of earlyonset sepsis in full-term neonates.